Renault 14 Alpine, sur les traces de la Golf GTI

Renault 14 Alpine, following the footsteps of the Golf GTI

FR – J’avais déjà consacré un article à la Renault 14 en septembre 2019, où je proposais une version sportive, identique à celle présentée ici. Alors, pourquoi y revenir, me direz-vous ? Tout simplement parce qu’en revoyant récemment mes dessins de l’époque, je les ai trouvés en décalage avec mon niveau actuel. Il fallait donc que je retravaille cette version sportive, que je baptise Alpine, en clin d’œil à sa sœur, la Renault 5.

Dans la petite animation ci-dessous, vous pouvez observer les différences entre le dessin de 2025, plus profond et plus riche en relief, et celui de 2019. Cela est principalement dû au retravail des reflets de la carrosserie et du vitrage, mais pas seulement : j’ai affiné l’intérieur, les essuie-glaces, la calandre, les phares, les jantes, et j’en ai profité pour repositionner les roues — le tout pour plus de réalisme. J’ai aussi revu le spoiler, qui ne descendait pas suffisamment. Enfin, je vous propose aujourd’hui cette version avec davantage de teintes (issues du nuancier officiel Renault) et trois types de jantes.

EN – I already wrote an article about the Renault 14 back in September 2019, in which I proposed a sporty version—identical to the one presented here. So why revisit it, you might ask? Simply because, when I recently looked back at my drawings from that time, I found they no longer matched my current skill level. So I decided to rework this sporty version, which I’ve named Alpine, as a nod to its sister, the Renault 5.

In the short animation below, you can see the differences between the 2025 design—deeper and more detailed—and the 2019 version. These changes are mainly due to revised reflections on the bodywork and windows, but not only that: I also refined the interior, windscreen wipers, grille, headlights, and rims, and took the opportunity to reposition the wheels—all to achieve greater realism. I also redesigned the spoiler, which previously didn’t extend far enough downward. Finally, this version now comes in more colors (from the official Renault palette) and with three types of rims.

Comparez le dessin de 2019 avec celui de 2025 en faisant glisser la réglette – Compare the 2019 with the 2025 drawning by dragging the slider.

Quel moteur pour cette 14 Alpine ?

What Engine for the Alpine 14?

FR – Comme vous le savez, la Renault 14 reprenait le moteur de la Peugeot 104, dont la cylindrée maximale était de 1 360 cm³. Sur la version TS de la 14, on retrouve bien ce moteur, mais avec une puissance limitée à 70 chevaux, contre 80 chevaux pour les 104 S/ZS. Un tel niveau de puissance reste toutefois trop faible pour prétendre au statut de sportive : il faudrait viser au minimum 90, voire 100 chevaux. Facile, me direz-vous : il suffirait de reprendre l’évolution de 93 chevaux utilisée sur les 104 ZS2 et Visa Chrono. Certes, mais ce moteur, avec ses deux carburateurs double corps, est assez pointu, et il faut monter haut dans les tours pour en tirer toute la quintessence. Un caractère bien adapté aux sportives pures et dures que sont les deux modèles précités, mais moins à une utilisation polyvalente.

EN – As you may know, the Renault 14 used the same engine as the Peugeot 104, with a maximum cubic capacity of 1,360 cm³. The TS version of the 14 featured this engine, but with power limited to 70 horsepower—compared to 80 horsepower for the 104 S/ZS. However, this level of output is still too low to qualify as a true sports car: at least 90, if not 100 horsepower, would have been needed. Easy solution, you might say—just use the 93-horsepower engine from the 104 ZS2 or Visa Chrono. True, but that engine, with its twin twin-barrel carburetors, is quite sophisticated and needs to be revved high to deliver its performance. This kind of character suits purebred sports cars like those two models, but less so for a more versatile car.

FR – Autre option : y greffer un turbo. Renault l’a fait sur la 18, alors pourquoi pas sur la 14 ? L’objectif de puissance aurait certainement pu être atteint de cette manière.

Une autre alternative aurait été de reprendre le « Cléon fonte » des Renault 5 Alpine et Alpine Turbo, développant respectivement 93 et 110 chevaux. Une solution simple en apparence, mais rappelons que les architectures mécaniques des 5 et 14 sont complètement différentes : moteur en position longitudinale pour la première, transversale pour la seconde. Il aurait donc fallu de profondes modifications, tant au niveau du train avant que de la carrosserie. Je doute même qu’il ait été possible, compte tenu de l’encombrement du moteur et de sa boîte en bout, de l’intégrer dans la caisse de la 14.

EN – Another option would have been to add a turbo. Renault did it with the 18, so why not with the 14? That would certainly have allowed the target power to be reached.

An alternative could have been the Cléon fonte engine from the Renault 5 Alpine and Alpine Turbo, producing 93 and 110 horsepower respectively. It seems like a simple solution, but it’s worth remembering that the mechanical layouts of the 5 and 14 were entirely different: longitudinal for the former, transverse for the latter. This would have required major modifications to both the front end and the bodywork. I even doubt whether the engine and its end-mounted gearbox could physically fit into the 14’s engine bay.

FR – La solution la plus adaptée aurait sans doute été d’y installer le moteur type F, apparu plus tard sur les Renault 9/11 et repris sur la Supercinq. De type transversal, il aurait pu s’intégrer plus facilement dans l’espace moteur de la 14, tout en offrant la puissance souhaitée. Mais à l’époque de la carrière de la 14, ce moteur était encore en développement.

EN – The most suitable solution would probably have been to use the F-type engine, which later appeared in the Renault 9/11 and was also used in the Supercinq. Since it was mounted transversely, it could have been more easily integrated into the Renault 14, while offering the desired level of performance. But during the 14’s production run, that engine was still under development.

FR – Bref, seul un ingénieur de chez Renault, à l’époque, aurait pu valider l’une de ces solutions. Tout dépendait aussi des moyens que la marque au losange aurait été prête à engager. Malheureusement, la Renault 14, souvent considérée comme le parent pauvre de la gamme, n’a pas bénéficié, contrairement à d’autres modèles, de nombreuses évolutions. Dommage, car une version Alpine de 110 chevaux aurait pu constituer une belle alternative à la Golf GTI !

EN – In short, only a Renault engineer from that era could have validated one of these options. It all depended on the resources the brand was willing to invest. Unfortunately, the Renault 14—often seen as the underdog in the lineup—didn’t benefit from much development, unlike some of its siblings. That’s a shame, because a 110 hp Alpine version could have been a fantastic alternative to the Golf GTI!

10 réponses à « Renault 14 Alpine, sur les traces de la Golf GTI »

  1. Avatar de
    Anonyme

    Buenos días, yo he sido propietario de dos Renault 14 ambos versión Gts, el primero fue mi primer coche y me llevó hasta el ultimo día de su vida de maravilla tenía el motor 1360 con caja de 4 velocidades, si bien es cierto tenía algunos problemas de diseño se subsanaron en la segunda adquisición que fue medida y premeditada lo deshice por entero pintado en verde marengo de Peugeot, llantas Braid de tres piezas, neumáticos anchos, tintado manual de las tulipas traseras, asientos deportivos Citroen bx, alerón trasero en parte alta del portón, suspensiones reforzadas con amortiguadores y muelles más cortos para bajar la altura del morro, parrilla reformada para darle un aire más moderno, focos cuneteros integrados en el parachoques y algún retoque estético más, en la parte mecánica cambio de caja de 4 a 5 velocidades y modificar el encendido por ruptor a electrónico con lo que te aseguradas cierta fiabilidad, un equipo de audio espectacular y más detalles que se fueron añadiendo poco a poco, tuve un compañero que compró otro y lo replicamos de manera idéntica, siendo un deleite para conducir.

    Saludos José

    J’aime

    1. Hola, José, gracias por compartir tu pasión. En Francia nunca ha habido una versión GTS en el catálogo. Por otra parte, la gama era, lamentablemente, bastante limitada, lo cual es una pena, ya que el Renault 14, muy moderno, merecía más atención por parte de Renault. En Francia, el 14 también sufrió una mala imagen debido a su publicidad, que lo comparaba con una pera. En algunos mercados de exportación, como España, tengo la impresión de que gozó de mayor popularidad. ¿Tienes alguna foto de tus Renault 14 que puedas compartir? Tengo curiosidad por ver cómo son tus transformaciones.

      Traducción realizada con la versión gratuita del traductor DeepL.com

      J’aime

  2. Avatar de 912 Carrera
    912 Carrera

    It would likely need a similar specification motor as on the Peugeot 104 Arvor or a way for the X motor to reach 1.6-litres before it evolved into the TU motor.

    The other alternative which likely entails the 14 having a longitudinal layout similar to the 5 and 12/18, would be to use a production version of the 1.6-litre Cleon motor seen on the Volvo 343 Oettinger. Featuring both naturally aspirated and turbocharged 1.6-litres, equivalent to the 1.4 Cleon in the Renault 5 and 9/11.

    J’aime

    1. Thank you for remind me the 104 Arvor, I completely forget it! Its power was interesting because it was 105 hp but also based on the 1360 cm3.
      The option to take the modified « Cléon Fonte » from the 343 Oettinger is of course another good one. But, as I wrote it, this means a lot of modification onto the front axle and body.
      I do really regret that the 14 alpine was never lauched

      J’aime

      1. Avatar de 912 Carrera
        912 Carrera

        It is indeed a shame they never made a 14 Alpine. I get the impression the gearbox layout on the 14 would have been the limiting factor with the 105 hp output.

        Yet the 14 itself was born from the Renault-Peugeot joint-venture and using the X motor, makes things unnecessarily complicated. As looking back it would have probably been better off merged with the 305 purely as a Peugeot product. Since the 14 is kind of like an up-sized 104 in some respects, with the related Visa and 305 both later using the XU motor and different gearbox layout.

        For a pure Renault alternative that uses the 1108-1596 cm3 Cleon Fonte motor. It is worth mentioning that both Ford of Brazil and Dacia would attempt to develop smaller models of similar size to the 14 based on the 12-derived Ford Corcel and Dacia 1310 respectively, as the Ford Mini-Corcel projeto and Dacia 1000 (or Dacia Compact).

        However instead of using a shortened 12 or a joint-venture with Peugeot, another path Renault could have taken with an alternate 14 would have been to up-scale the original 5/7 platform (in replace of the 6). Prior to all being replaced by the related Supercinq and 9/11 platform family.

        J’aime

      2. 104 and 14 do indeed come from the joint 121 project. But Peugeot and Renault’s aim was to share mechanical components only. Furthermore, they were not to compete with each other, which is why the 14 is larger than the 104, a deliberate choice by Renault to replace more or less the 12. I think that the design, with its hatchback, is more in keeping with the spirit of Renault than that of Peugeot, which was more conservative at the time. A merger with the 305 would have been unlikely.
        Starting again from the base of the 5/7 would indeed have been another solution, but I think that the chassis, derived from the 4, was beginning to show its limits.
        The 14 was really modern and one of the first cars to use CAD. Perhaps it was too far ahead of its time?

        J’aime

      3. Avatar de 912 Carrera
        912 Carrera

        The issue with the 14 is not its styling despite the infamous Pear ad campaign, rather that it is mechanically an outlier due to its Peugeot links compared to other Renault models.

        A 5/7 based Cleon Fonte powered 14 alternative would have not been perfect from a chassis point of view, yet would have increased economics of scale amongst other Renault models and been a temporary remedy while the 9/11 were being developed.

        Even though the following proposal below was for a Peugeot 305 coupe, it does from modern eyes demonstrate the otherwise conservative 305 was capable of spawning a hatchback of similar dimensions to the Renault 14.

        And even though the 104/14 and 305 were said to have shared similar gearbox layouts, I am surprised the 305 never used the X motor to either compliment or supplant the 305’s XL/XR motors. Unless there were underlaying mechanical or supply issues with the X motor.

        J’aime

      4. The issue with the 14 was, among other things, that Renault sales staff didn’t recognise it as a real Renault. Regarding the styling, the advertising with the pear was detrimental to it, for me it looks nice and in fact, I’ve always liked the 14, and even today I find it modern.
        I’m aware of the 305 Fastback project, which was very interesting, but Peugeot didn’t dare take the plunge. Probably because of a lack of financial resources. At the time, they had to digest the purchase of Citroën, which put a strain on their finances. This may explain why the X engine was not used on the 305. In the end, the latter was simply an aesthetic evolution of the 304, as far as the Series 1 was concerned. The Series 2 was a major mechanical update.

        J’aime

      5. Avatar de 912 Carrera
        912 Carrera

        I do have an appreciation for the styling of the 14, even if it is difficult to view it as a real Renault.

        Read elsewhere that Peugeot had a lot of projects going on that were either delayed or cancelled, due to being forced to acquire Citroen.

        J’aime

      6. look to the design of the side panels of the Renault 18 and Fuego, there is a real family resemblance to the 14. With the the R9/11, they go back to a much more classic way.
        Oh yes, that’s true, the 505 coupé and cabriolet is for example, one of them.

        J’aime

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